Lexical elements

Constants

Integer constants

Hexadecimal literal Decimal literal Octal literal

Floating point constants

Floatingpoint constant

Boolean constants

Logical constant - true Logical constant - false

Comments

Single line comment Multi line comment

Types and variables

Basic data types

Logical

Boolean data type

Numbers

Integers

Unsigned

8-bit unsigned integer 16-bit unsigned integer 32-bit unsigned integer 64-bit unsigned integer

Signed

8-bit integer 16-bit integer 32-bit integer 64-bit integer

Real numbers

32-bit real number 64-bit real number

Type conversions

Explicit

To 8-bit integer To 8-bit unsigned integer To 16-bit integer To 16-bit unsigned integer To 32-bit integer To 32-bit unsigned integer To 64-bit integer To 64-bit unsigned integer To 32-bit real number To 64-bit real number To boolean

Variables

Variable declaration Variable use

Automatic variable

Automatic variable declaration

Program structure

Statements Expressions

Operators

Parenthesis operator

Arithmetic operators

Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division Integer division Modulo Additive inverse

Logical

Logical and Logical or Logical negation

Bitwise

Bitwise left shift Bitwise right shift Bitwise and Bitwise or Bitwise not Bitwise xor

Relational

Less than Greater than Less than or equal to Greater than or equal to Equal to Not equal to

Assignment

Statements

Expression statement Block statement

Loops

Loop with condition at the end Loop with condition on the beginning

Conditional statements

Conditional statement

Jump statements

Break statement Continue statement

Increse decrease

Increment statement Decrement statement

C++ . Operators . Bitwise

C++ - Bitwise operators

We have more of the bitwise operators, using the bitwise operator we can set or determine the specific bit in whole numbers.

bitwise left shift

par1 << par2

bitwise right shift

par1 >> par2

bitwise and

par1 & par2

bitwise or

par1 | par2

bitwise not

~ par1

bitwise xor

par1 ^ par2

C++

Other pieces of example codes:

y = ~x

x = 1 | 2

x = 16 << 2

(i & j)

x = 8 >> 1

x = 123 ^ 25

Bitwise operators in another programming language:

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